Code of Business Ethics and Conduct - 7244 Words

CODE OF BUSINESS ETHICS AND CONDUCT Everything we do should be with the highest integrity. No ethical shortcuts of any kind. Integrity and honesty are simply not optional. 2  NOTE TO EMPLOYEES: In this Code, â€Å"Company† means Burger King Corporation and its subsidiaries and affiliates. This Code is not an employment contract and compliance with this Code does not guarantee continued employment with the Company. Any modification to current terms and conditions of your employment must be set forth in writing and signed by an authorized officer of the Company. Throughout this Code, there are references to Company policies, standards and guidelines (collectively â€Å"Company policies†). In most instances, only†¦show more content†¦If your supervisor asks you to ignore the requirements of the timekeeping or any other workplace policy, contact your supervisor’s manager or human resources. You may also call the toll†free reporting line posted in your workplace. 7  Company Investigations We May Need Your Help Being ACCOUNTABLE also means that you must cooperate with any internal investigation or inquiry undertaken by the Company. The Company will conduct these investigations in a fair manner in compliance with applicable law. Investigations are generally handled by the human resources or law department. Any use of outside investigators requires prior approval of the general counsel. 8  Our Employee Culture: â€Å"Bold, Accountable, Empowered, Meritocratic and Fun† A place where people love coming to work every day; where people are engaged in their work and excited about providing safe and clean restaurants and offering our customers great value for their money; where every member of our team is ACCOUNTABLE and responsible for his or her actions and is respectful of others. That’s our goal. How do we get there? By embracing and living our BOLD, ACCOUNTABLE, EMPOWERED, MERITOCRATIC and FUN culture each and every day. BOLD, ACCOUNTABLE, EMPOWERED, MERITOCRATIC AND FUN. By embracing this culture, we create a place where people love coming to work every day.Show MoreRelatedCode Of Ethics And Business Conduct Essay1521 Words   |  7 PagesCODE OF ETHICAL CONDUCT Our Code of Ethics and Business Conduct (the Code) speaks ethical conduct in our work environment, business practices and relationships with external stakeholders. This sets out the rules and regulations that all our employees will follow to regulate successful business. Everybody at the organization needs to abide by these rules and principles set, as we will have zero tolerance who disagrees to this. Our code of ethics include the following: 1. Compliance with the Law: Read More Code of Business Conduct and Ethics Essay3828 Words   |  16 PagesCode of Business Conduct and Ethics Introduction The TSYS Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the quot;Codequot;) covers a wide range of business practices and procedures. While it does not cover every issue that may arise, this Code outlines basic principles to guide all employees and officers of the Company and its majority-owned subsidiaries (quot;team membersquot;). In addition, all members of the Companys Board of Directors and members of the boards of directors of the Companys majority-ownedRead MoreAnalysis Of Compania De Minas Buenaventura S.a Essay1623 Words   |  7 PagesProducer of the best geological information in Peru. †¢ Seeks to expand its reserves production and earnings. †¢ Listed on Lima Stock Exchange (BUE.LM) since 1971 and on The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE: BVN) since 1996. Buenaventura’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is oriented to the Board of Directors of the company. It set some important aspects and basic behaviors that all members of the company must follow. The document is divided into 5 parts [2]. 1. Purpose, where it is established the mainRead MoreA Brief Note On Ethics And Conduct And Behavior1089 Words   |  5 PagesEthics Research Report Student Name: Longfei Wang Student ID: 11529471 Executive Summary This report describe the two professional areas, they are Early Childhood and Public Relation (PR). In this two areas, this article illustrates the importance of three professional codes which are ethics, conduct and behavior. The report also reveal some ethical or unethical behaviors in the light of the two professional areas. Then the two professions will be compared in the codes ofRead MoreSystem Of Inquiry Paper1188 Words   |  5 PagesSystem of Inquiry Paper Introduction The System of Inquiry paper will be based on the Code of Ethics for St. Paul Travelers Companies, Inc. The formal 16-page document demonstrates a consistent process throughout an organization that has offices throughout the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. The System of Inquiry paper will demonstrateRead MoreCHEESE CAKE FACTORY987 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Ethical and Socially Responsive Business The Cheese Cake Factory is the restaurant I chose to evaluate when it comes to the code of ethical conduct. The code of ethical conduct is essential when it comes to running a business. In order for the company to be successful, they must carefully address problems and behaviors within the company that might affect the company. The code of conduct is crucial when it comes to the human aspect of the company. For the company’s success, they must follow andRead MoreEthics And Code Of Ethics1043 Words   |  5 PagesEthics are concerned with how human been ought to act given a certain set of condition. The ethics govern an individual while making decisions especially when multiple choices are represented. Business, for instance, has set of principles which act as a guide on how the employees ought to conduct themselves while executing their duty .The set of rules and principles refer to the code of ethics. The code of ethics gives a guide on the professionals expected conduct whi le working for a given organizationRead MoreThe Importance of Ethics in Business Essay1475 Words   |  6 PagesEthics is the branch of philosophy that deals with the principles correlated to human behavior concerning the rightness and wrongness of specific conduct, and to the good and bad that influences and ends those actions (Ditonary.com, 2011). In other words, ethics is the choice people effect in regards to a decision they need to achieve. Without ethics directing the choice an individual makes, moral preferences of what should or should not be done becomes irrelevant. While ethical decisions areRead MoreWhat is Business Ethics?741 Words   |  3 Pages In today’s business world businesses face the challenge of doing the right thing over doing the profitable thing more than ever before. For many years the sole purpose of business was to be make profits for the shareholders. This view has now been changed. The propriety of business actions is being challenged by the modern day consumer. One of the major issues or opportunities (depending on which way one may see it) is the issue of ‘going-green’. Consumers in today’s society have access to a largeRead MoreEssay about LAWS 310 Week 7 Assignment You Deci1179 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Widget Tech Inc. Code of Ethics Professor: Tonya  Floyd LAWS 310 Devry University Review of Widget Tech Inc. Code of Ethics Table of Contents Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦3 How to Create a Code of Ethics†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.....†¦....†¦4 Components of a Code of Ethics†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ .†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.....6 Sources†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7

Essay on Marijuana Legalization - 874 Words

Marijuana is the familiar name for a raw drug made from the plant cannabis sativa. One of the active chemical in marijuana is tetrahydrocannabinal (THC); a stimulant it give users the pleasure effect of relaxation, known as a â€Å"high† or hallucinating when consumed too much either through oral or smoking. It is the mainstream drug and a blistering topic to our nation in this day and age. Legalizing marijuana is an ever-growing political and social battle making its way to the top of American controversial issues list. Marijuana is one of the prime adversaries on the outlook of America’s war on drugs. Numerous people crave this drug to be permissible and readily available similar to tobacco and alcohol. While it is mind-boggling that†¦show more content†¦NORML is an American non-profit lobbying organization whose purpose is to transform the nations opinion and judgment toward attaining the legalization of non-medical marijuana in the United States may b e permit by adults without being subjected to punishment. Paul Armentano, a deputy director of NORML, National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws says, â€Å"It makes no sense to continue to waste law enforcements’ time and taxpayers’ dollars to arrest and prosecute Americans for their use of a substance that poses far fewer health risk than alcohol or tobacco† (Armentano). Antagonists of legalizing marijuana deem those affiliated with illegal trafficking of this drug is branded as people who will disobey the law and anyone who commits drug-related felonies is likely not to compel towards committing other felonies, such as robbery, rape, murder, and so forth. It is often brought up that there is not enough facts, data, evidence or information to imprison felons for the serious crimes like murder, rape; but in spite of this, if they can be sent to prison for something, society is very much better off. Subsequently, marijuana offenders should remain behind bars away from society. Also, several opponents believe that when the drugs become legal, it would increase the chances of the drugs falling into the hands of youngsters. All too often childrenShow MoreRelatedThe Risk Of Legalization Of Marijuana Essay722 Words   |  3 PagesThe risk of Legalization of Marijuana Marijuana, as we know, is a kind of drug. According to Thompson (2015), marijuana is not only one kind of drug, but also can be used as a medicinal material. The reason it can be a medicinal substance is that marijuana has a curative affect of relieving pain. Despite different states having a variety of regulations about the usage of marijuana, there is always one rule that is unified, which is the medicinal usage of marijuana must be approved by the FDA—theRead MoreThe Issue Of Legalization Of Marijuana958 Words   |  4 PagesIt’s not as bad as smoking or drinking alcohol! The government knows what’s good for us! You can’t overdose on marijuana! Public schools told me â€Å"Be Healthy, don’t do drugs.† Arguments such as these are always thrown back and forth when going into a controversial conversation dealing with legalization of marijuana. Many people are on both ends of the spectrum when dealing with the legalization some may personall y be involved due to run-ins with the law, family related issues, or personal beliefs. InRead MoreLegalizing The Legalization Of Marijuana1012 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscourage is a way to fix the problem. Evident by Colorado and Washington, â€Å"the legalization of marijuana can stop most of these possession arrests† (Levine). After the first opening of the first retail marijuana stores on January 1, 2014, Colorado had decreased crime rates, decreased traffic fatalities and increase in economic output (DPA). Since 2010, the marijuana possession arrest have went down 84% since its legalization. The tactic of legalizing, controlling, and discouraging has been proposed byRead MoreThe Legalization of Marijuana Essay1178 Words   |  5 PagesThere has been a debate over the legalization of marijuana since it was made illegal in the 1920s. There are opponents on both sides of the issue. There are many benefits to the legalization of marijuana, but there are also detrimental effe cts to society that are caused by marijuana use. These issues need to be debated to determine if the legalization of marijuana would benefit the United States. According to a 2003 Zogby poll, â€Å"the government should treat marijuana more or less the same way it treatsRead MoreLegalization of Marijuana Essay954 Words   |  4 PagesLegalization of Marijuana The only way in which a human being can make some approach to knowing the whole of any subject is by hearing what can be said about it by persons of every variety of opinion and studying all modes in which in can be looked at by every character of mind. No wise man ever acquired his wisdom in any mode but this. - John Stuart Mill (Mill. 7). The topic of legalizing marijuana is a very conservational issue in American politics today. There are many good arguments bothRead MoreLegalization of Medical Marijuana Essay863 Words   |  4 PagesMedical Marijuana: A Topic Leaving People Up in Smoke Renee Grant ENC 1101-1002 Professor Bahle March 30, 2013 Medical Marijuana: A Topic Leaving People Up in Smoke Medical marijuana has been an ongoing fight between the federal government, physicians and patients. Contrary to many beliefs, marijuana, whether it is used for medical reasons or recreational is non-lethal. It has been proven to be useful in many medical conditions. There hasRead MoreThe Legalization Of Marijuana Should Not Be Beneficial1240 Words   |  5 PagesThe legalization of marijuana is such a growing debate in the United States, whether it’s on television, in the classroom, or in your own kitchen; you may find yourself debating about it with someone. You are either for it, against it, or indifferent. Either way you still have an opinion of some sort about the legalization of marijuana. Christopher Beach and William Bennett are no different. The release of their article on called â€Å"Legalize Juggernaut† on WeeklyStandard.com timing is perfect sinceRead MoreThe Truth Behind Marijuana Legalization1462 Words   |  6 PagesBehind Marijuana Marijuana is arguably the most controversial drug in history. In general, when someone hears the word â€Å"drugs† they think of a terrible substance that will destroy the human body. However bringing up marijuana, many people think of different things. Some think of a degenerate hippie, but many Americans simply do not know what to think, and bringing up the legalization of the substance is even more controversial. There is a large group of people that believe the legalization of marijuanaRead MoreThe Legalization Of Marijuana And Marijuana Essay1314 Words   |  6 PagesMarijuana or Cannabis is one of the bused drugs in America and the rest of the world. Interesting accumulating evidence show that the significant negative impact of this drug outweighs the positive effects. However, the medical benefits of the drug seem on the process of chemical compounds as compared to the drug itself. Medical debates show that chemical compound in marijuana are the problem as compared to the plant. The said chemical compound affects the mental and physical health of the personsRead MoreEssay on Speech on Legalization of Marijuana in Brazil870 Words   |  4 PagesSpeech on Legalization of Marijuana in Brazil Good morning class mates. Today I am going to discuss the legalization of marijuana in Brazil. I strongly believe marijuana should be legalized. I am not here to encourage anyone to use or not use marijuana. Yet I do believe that many current problems may and can be solved by its legalization. Marijuana is the most popular drug in Brazil after tobacco and alcohol. Discrimination is the reason why marijuana has still

Discussion Mild Steel Essay Example For Students

Discussion: Mild Steel Essay DISCUSSION Base on our discussion after done performed torsion test, we know that we totally got 4 table result and 2 graphs for aluminum and the other 4 table and 2 graphs for mild steel. The experiment will start with the aluminum torsion test and then continue for mild steel torsion test. For the first table we key in the result after calibrate the mild steel and aluminum diameter and gage length, after done key in then we started the experiment. At the end of the torsion test, we will get the final result that mild steel will break at the end of experiment but it is opposite for aluminum. If we compared mild steel and aluminum steel in the 2nd table, we can see that the changing of the aluminum angle is much faster than mild steel material. The is totally due to aluminum material is much soften than mild steel, then for both graphs, aluminum graph have a curve at the mid of the experiment if compared with mild steel. In the table 3 we use the formula of Shear stress, Shear stress=Tc/J And Shear strain, Shear strain=? c/L? to calculate the shear stress and strain. Comparing the result of aluminum with mild steel, the result of mild steel is much higher than aluminum which is 107688. 926Mpa for shear stress and 2. 652539706 rad for shear strain. After put the value of both steel into the graphs, the result for the graphs is same as previous graph. At the end of the result the mild steel can be declare by torsion failures.

Michael Obi Essay free essay sample

Michael Obi in Dead Men’s Path is an excitable young man who gets a chance to get his hopes of progressing the Ndume Central School fulfilled when he is appointed headmaster. His obsession with â€Å"modern ways† and extreme eagerness to make changes negatively affect his decision making on how important the path is to the town’s natives. His dismissal and refusal to acknowledge the tradition is the inevitable means to the end of the story. Obi is so focused on his assignment of bringing the school into the modern world that he is blind to how important the traditional tribal ways and beliefs are to the townspeople he needs to work with in order for the school to be successful. He is very stubborn and refuses to keep an open mind about the path. His only focus is making the school as modern as possible and to stamp out anything old and traditional. We will write a custom essay sample on Michael Obi Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He ignores the warnings from the fellow teachers and signs from the villagers about the path. When another teacher warns him about how there was â€Å"a big row† the last time someone attempted to close the path, he brushes it off and decides to block it off anyways. Even when the village priest calls on Obi to tell him how much the village depended on the path and how important it is to their tradition, he would still not listen and respect what the priest has to say. After a young woman dies during childbirth Obi finally has to face the consequences of his stubbornness to compromise with the villagers. Obi shows an inability to compromise with the villagers because of his complete belief in modern ways and his negative attitude towards the primitive (as he sees them) beliefs of the villagers. Obi will not allow the villagers to make a highway out of the school. He feels that his goal  with the school is to teach students through â€Å"modern ways† to laugh at the idea of tradition. He doesnt think that students can be taught in these modern ways and still respect their ancestors tradition. This ultimately leads to the school’s downfall. Conclusion In the end, Michael Obi is not able to accomplish his goal of creating a modern school from an unprogressive one. He is so focused on his goal that he will not listen to the villagers or respect their cultural tradition. He ignores the warnings teachers and villagers give him about the importance of the footpath and shows a complete inability to compromise with them because of his attitude towards their beliefs. This in the end leads to the destruction of the school and Michael Obi’s dream with it.

The Battle of Sexes in Society Essays

The Battle of Sexes in Society Essays The Battle of Sexes in Society Essay The Battle of Sexes in Society Essay The Battle of Sexes in Society Men have always had things easier in society compared to women. Women have had to work their way up to be the way it is in today’s society. However, unlike men, women always seem to get away with crimes or injustices. In the beginning of our nation, when the Declaration of Independence, as well as other important documents from the same time period, women were never really mentioned. The only humans that were important in society were the white men. The woman’s primary role was to cook, clean, and take care of the children. However, after many protests, women finally won over the right to vote, which is now stated in the 19th Amendment, in August of 1920. Slowly but surely, women also worked their way up the business ladder, especially in the medical field. They first began to really be noticed through midwifery, since women were more comfortable with other women during the birthing process. Men are always the primary figure in all areas of the human life; not just in society, but also in religion. They have always had the right to say anything, over women, and had never had to work to be able to have more opportunities available to them, unless it was through the social class ladder. When the Declaration of Independence was written the only figure of humankind that was on the creators mind, was the white male. All the rights for humanity in the United States were being created for white men. Slaves and women were just followers to the system of which whatever the white men decided, that’s how life would roll. A great example of how women can however get away with crimes or injustices comes from an earlier reading, Creepin’ While Your Sleepin’. It explains how a woman can play an innocent card just because of the sex they are. Most police officers would let any woman get away with an act of injustice, because it is not thought of a woman to do such a crime. With time, the battle of the sexes will fade, and both sexes will live with some kind of equality. However, this might just be the dream of an everyday dreamer. Throughout history, humankind is always at battle competing for something, or trying to be better than the other. This may be an issue or dream that will never be fulfilled, because the male will always want to be with more power and strength compared to a woman.

How to Write Emotional Headlines to Get More Shares - CoSchedule

How to Write Emotional Headlines to Get More Shares Here at , we recently hit over 10 million headlines entered into our Headline Analyzer tool. Thats a lot of headlines. With this massive resource, we began wondering what, exactly, made a highly-shared headline so shareable. Could we find a way to predict whether or not a headline would be well-shared? You may be surprised to hear that we found just such a thing. When we combined our massive database of headlines with our social sharing analytics  and top content reports, we were able to get a unique view of the answer to this question.  It all comes down to something called the Emotional Marketing Value (EMV) score. This is the result of a simple test used to provide an actual rating that can be used to judge how well our headline will be received by others. How to Write Emotional Headlines That Get More SharesWrite More Emotional Headlines with This Free Power Words Tear Sheet So, how should you go about writing more emotional headlines? Start by understanding what constitutes as emotional. Copywriter Karl Stepp offers a great list of highly emotional words that he calls power words for emotional selling. As a handy guide,   I have converted them to this handy tear-sheet that you can download right here. Then, Test Your Headlines With 's  Free Headline Analyzer Our free Headline Analyzer  will help you: Use headline types that get the most traction for social shares, traffic, and search engine ranking. Make sure you have the right word balance to write readable headlines that command attention. See the best  word and character length for search engines like Google and email subject lines, while also seeing  how your readers will scan your headlines. Start by visiting the Headline Analyzer page and entering your headline: As you scroll down through your analysis, you'll see previous headlines you wrote for comparison purposes: The next portion will show you your headline score and the different word types in your headline influencing that score. Here at , we always aim for a 70 or higher: Scrolling over your results reveals a tip on how to better incorporate each word type into your headline: Continue to play with headline combinations until you find one that works best. It's free and you can use it as much as you'd like. How Do We Know Emotional Headlines Drive More Shares? We went through a bunch of the headlines in the system and calculated their EMV score. The results were stunning. Posts with a higher emotional value got more shares. Period. What we found was that on average, posts with a higher EMV were shared more often than posts with a lower EMV score. Posts with a high number of shares frequently reached an EMV Score of 30 or 40, several points higher than posts with fewer shares. The results are pretty cool, but how does this score even work? Recommended Reading: Why People Share: The Psychology of Social Sharing How Can The Emotional Value Of A Headline Be Calculated? Emotional marketing value dates back to the 1960s and 1970s when government research scholar Dr. Hakim Chishti was studying the roots of several languages including Persian, Aramaic, Hebrew, Arabic, and Urdu. As it goes, his research found that there are basic underlying harmonics in language that are always interpreted with the same "emotional" reactions. Where dictionary-based meanings can be mistaken, the sound tones themselves are always interpreted the same way in our emotional response. This means that emotional language creates a very predictable response, something that can be very advantageous to marketers. Emotional language creates a very predictable response, something that can be very advantageous in...The Emotional Marketing Value is a score that looks to asses how a group of words follows these emotional harmonics, and how likely they are to elicit an emotional response from a reader. The Emotional Marketing Value Headline Analyzer   is a tool based on the research that is made freely available by the Advanced Marketing Institute. Using it can easily provide you with such a score. Can this tool predict shares? Maybe. The  Emotional Marketing Value Headline Analyzer  is easy to use. Simply copy and paste your headline into the box and it will give you a calculated score of your headline’s EMV Score. Here is the result for the headline of this post: The tool provide a more complete explanation of the score: This score indicates that your headline has a total of 44.44% Emotional Marketing Value (EMV) Words. To put that in perspective, the English language contains approximately 20% EMV words. And for comparison, most professional copywriters' headlines will have 30%-40% EMV Words in their headlines, while the most gifted copywriters will have 50%-75% EMV words in headlines. A perfect score would be 100%, but that is rare unless your headline is less than five words. Scores are also classified by three emotional types – intellectual, empathetic, and spiritual. The institute provides a few details on what each of these emotional types include. As an example, the emotional classification for this post was intellectual – a perfect fit for , as we are looking to promote a product that requires reasoning and/or careful evaluation. After we saw what EMV can  do, we thought  it would be  helpful to build a new headline analyzer. This free tool combines EMV with several other elements we've found drive shares, traffic, and SEO results. Recommended Reading: How to Write Headlines That Drive Traffic, Shares, and Search Results Positive/Happy Emotions Do A Better Job Encouraging Shares Here's what our top 20 most shared blog posts look like based on emotional sentiment: Ten are positive Nine are neutral Just one is negative This is a small data set, but it appears the anticipation of benefits drives more shares. Anticipation is the feeling that we get whenever we find something (like a blog post) that sparks our curiosity. We immediately begin to anticipate the contents of that post and wonder what we might find on the other side. When it comes to anticipation, our emotions will play a big role in how we finally respond to our own curiosity. Anticipating positive (or happy) events sustains the output of dopamine  into the brain’s chemical pathways, and as renowned marketer Neil Patel says  "scientific experiments show that most people anticipate future positive events, as opposed to future negative events. In the absence of anxious/depressive psychological disorders, people automatically anticipate happiness more than they do sadness." Scientific experiments show that most people anticipate future positive events, as opposed to future negative events. – Neil Patel So, this all begins to add up. Not only do emotions cause us to share, but positive emotions seem to add an additional boost. If we look back to the  three emotional types – intellectual, empathetic, and spiritual – we can easily see a distinct trend towards positive emotions and happiness. In short, popular headlines don't only trigger our emotions, but they help us imagine a positive outcome. They help us imagine a better life.

TOYOTA ASSIGNMENT Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

TOYOTA - Assignment Example Such segmentation will thus more closely match particular needs of this specific group of sexual orientation. The segmentation will thus enable even those who are still hesitant to declare the homosexual orientation and hence a need for market strategy based on this group as their needs cannot be satisfied through regular markets. The needs of this particular group will be met as marketers get to understand the exact needs of sexually oriented individuals and target marketing strategy at a specific group (Hondagneu-Sotelo 23). In addition, it would be much easier and successful to establish and promote specific and customized products and services to sexually oriented group. There may be no customized products as only particular group is served and not individuals. In addition, some may argue that sexual orientation marketing will promote immorality and thus it might be faced with difficulties from those opposing sexual orientation

Investment Enhancement Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Investment Enhancement Paper - Essay Example Also by diversify portfolio investors are able to earn more consistent returns on their investment and if one stock does not perform well and does not yield positive return then the other one could perform well and yield positive return thus the overall risk of the portfolio is reduced and investors are in a position to save their investment from fluctuations of stock as well as market. There are different techniques that investors around the world use to diversify their portfolio and maximize their return. Investing internationally or in the international markets is one of the most common techniques that investors use to diversify their portfolio. This gives more chances to investors to enhance their investment and earn better returns. In addition to while making investment internationally, investors have also used alternative investment vehicles to diversify their portfolio and to enhance their investment. This report analyzes how investors around the world have been diversifying t heir portfolio by investing internationally and by making use of alternative vehicles. international portfolio diversification on an investment portfolio When investors are investing in a particular asset they normally face two types of risks. These two types of risk are; systematic risk and nonsystematic risk. These types of risk influence the stock price and thus the return of the investors is changed. Non-systematic risk is the risk of a particular asset, stock or company in which the investment is being made and it is also called the diversifiable risk as it can be reduced drastically by creating a portfolio and diversifying the investment. The other kind of risk is called the systematic risk and it is the market risk or risk of a portfolio. The risk of a stock is reduced by diversifying the portfolio and by making investment in stock of different industries. However even after diversifying the portfolio in a particular market, the market risk cannot be reduced (Gitman, 2003). T he following graph shows that as the investor diversifies its portfolio the non-systematic risk of the portfolio reduces and as the portfolio becomes more and more diversified, the non-systemic risk reduces. However by diversifying portfolio, the systematic risk or market risk is not diversified or reduced. Market risk is the risk that can be because of fluctuations in the market, economic condition of the country, political instability and several other macroeconomic factors that would directly or indirectly impact the stock prices. (Source: Systematic versus Non-Systematic Risk) So in order to enhance the investment and further reduce the risk of the portfolio, investors have started investing stocks and assets in other countries as it reduces the market risk. By investing in different markets, the impact of change in the return because of a particular market is reduced in the overall investment and therefore the overall risk of the portfolio is reduced. The following graph reflec ts that the risk of the portfolio is further reduced as stocks from other parts of the world are included in the portfolio. Therefore diversifying portfolio and investing in different stocks around the world would reduce the risk of the portfolio and therefore it would enhance the investment. So, investing internationally would reduce the market risk and thus the overall risk

The Cultures of Colonial North America Essay Example for Free

The Cultures of Colonial North America Essay The Enlightment and the Great Awakening were both huge impacts on the colonial regions of North America. During the Enlightment, the thinkers were arguing that the universe was governed by natural laws that people could understand and apply to their own advantage. The writers were emphasizing rationality, harmony, and order. Sons were being sent to college during this time and many people were reading and writing. However the Enlightment did cause a decline in religious devotion. The Great Awakening was a response to the Enlightment because it challenged the rationalist approach to religion by having ministers preach more emotionally than rationally, by having people find relief in religious enthusiasm, and by having like-minded men be trained for the ministry. Before the Great Awakening, people were listening to ministers who were preaching rationally and not emotionally. The poor young people began to grow disaffected as they were forced to postpone marriages because of scarcity and expense of the land needed to farm a household. They refused to attend church meetings and would instead gather together at night for frolics, increasing their discontent. In the 1730s, Reverend Jonathan Edwards began a movement to challenge the rationalist approach on religion. He made the young people his target. He believed that their hearts needed to be touched in a way that appealed to their emotions. He preached and church membership began to grow with people wondering what they could do to be saved. People then began to listen to ministers preaching emotionally, rather than to ministers preaching rationally. People began to feel relief in religious enthusiasm. The people were going through economic and social stresses at this time, being unable to find land and unsure whether to marry, and to participate in the promise of a growing economy. This widespread colonial revival of religion became known as the Great Awakening. It is seen as the American version of the Protestant Reformation. Religious leaders established this with calls for piety and purity. During the Great Awakening, ministers began to be taught to preach emotionally. William Tennent established a school in Pennsylvania to train like-minded men for the ministry. His Log College evolved in the College of New Jersey. William Tennent toured with George Whitefield to deliver the famous sermon The Dangers of an Unconverted Ministry. This sermon told Protestants to examine the religious convictions of their own ministries. Conflict did break out, and in some regions the church hierarchy divided into separate organizations. The Enlightment and the Great Awakening go hand-in-hand in impacting the colonies of North America. The Enlightment was a time when there was a decline in religious devotion, but the Great Awakening was a colonial revival in the spread of religion. The Great Awakening was a response to the Enlightment because it challenged the rationalist approach to religion by having ministers preach more emotionally than rationally, by having people find relief in religious enthusiasm, and by having like-minded men be trained tor the ministry. The Great Awakening helped many economically and socially stressed people find relief in religion.

Starving For Perfection Essay -- essays research papers fc

Starving for Acceptance In today’s society, where physical characteristics are used to measure beauty and success, people are willing to push their bodies to extremes to achieve physical perfection. As an overweight woman, I may be considered a failure of society’s beauty test. However, my high self-esteem and acceptance of my body allows me to not be disturbed by what, to some, may seem as a sign of failure. Unfortunately, there are people whose desire to be accepted by society causes them to develop eating disorders. The two most common are called anorexia and bulimia (WebMD.Com Eating 1). The Anorexia Nervosa and Related Eating Disorders, association (ANRED), states â€Å"Anorexia and bulimia affect primarily people in their teens and twenties, but clinicians report both disorders in children as young as six and individuals as old as seventy-six† (ANRED Statistics 1). Anorexia and bulimia are both serious eating disorders with differences and similarities in their symptoms, diagnosis , causes, treatments and prognosis. Although anorexia and bulimia share many of the same symptoms, they also have many differences. â€Å"About half of people with anorexia also have symptoms of bulimia† (MayoClinic.Com 2). According to the American Anorexia Bulimia Association (AABA), some symptoms of anorexia are: excessive exercising, depression, weakness, exhaustion, constipation, and loss of menstrual period in women (AABA Anorexia 1). They also state that bulimics suffer from those symptoms as well. (AABA Bulimia 1). Although there are similarities, each disorder has its own unique characteristics. A major symptom of bulimia is binging and purging. Bulimics practice binging, eating large amounts of food at one time, and purging, causing themselves to vomit, or defecate, in an attempt to prevent weight gain (Reyes 1). Anorexics, however, restrict their diets and starve themselves in attempt to stay thin and if possible, lose more weight (â€Å"Anorexia Nervosa† 1) Like any other illness, eating disorders need to be diagnosed by a health care professional. People with eating disorders may also have psychological problems (WebMD.Com Eating 1). Because of this, medical and mental healthcare workers are able to diagnose both disorders (ANRED Treatment 3). The Mayo Clinic states that race, age, and social status of patients are also factors that affect the diagnosis of eating disorders: ... ...  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Bulimia Nervosa.† The Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. Ed. D. Olendorf, C. Jeryan, and K. Boyden. 1999. 2 Jun. 2001. . Johnson, Michael MD. â€Å"Anorexia Nervosa.† DiscoveryHealth.Com. 4 Feb. 2000. 2 Jun. 2001. . MayoClinic.Com. Eating disorders: Widespread and difficult to treat. 17 Nov. 2000. 2 Jun. 2001. . Reyes, Ann Ph.D. â€Å"Bulimia.† DiscoveryHealth.Com. 12 Dec 1999. 2 Jun. 2001. . Rush, Colleen. â€Å"A Weighty Issue: Men with Eating Disorders.† Dr.Drew.com Healthbriefs. 2001. 2 Jun. 2001. . WebMd.Com. Eating Disorders. 2 Jun. 2001 . WebMd.Com. What Causes Eating Disorders? March 1999. 2 Jun. 2001. .

Burundi’s Millenium Development Goals Essay

This paper aims to examine the millennium development goals for Burundi, a landlocked country in the Great Lakes region of Eastern Africa. Burundi has 8 different millennium development goals that it is attempting to achieve and this paper will examine five of those goals. The millennium development goals of Burundi that will be addressed are to: (1) eradicate extreme poverty and hunger, (2) achieve universal primary education, (3) promote gender equality and empower women, (4) reduce child mortality, and (5) improve maternal health. Burundi, as well as all other less developed countries, is aiming to meet its development goals by the year 2015. And in order for Burundi to achieve each of its millennium development goals on time, the country has created targets that directly affect each of the goals and give insight into whether or not Burundi is on track to accomplish its goals. The first millennium development goal of Burundi is to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger. In order to accomplish this, the first target that Burundi wants to meet is to cut in half, between 1990 and 2015, the number of people whose income is less than one dollar a day. The second target is to halve the proportion of people who suffer from hunger between 1990 and 2015. There are many factors that must be examined to determine if progress is being made to accomplish both of these targets and essentially the overall development goal. When looking at the first target, it is important to examine the percentage of population below $1 (PPP) of consumption per day, percentage of total population below national poverty line, and the percent of the poorest quintile’s share in national income or consumption. In doing so, we see that in 1990, 84.2% of Burundi’s population that was under $1 (PPP) of consumption per day and there has been little progress since then, as it reached 86.4% in 2000 and then decreased to 81.3% in 2010. We also see that there was a very significant decrease in the percentage of total population below national poverty, going from 91.3% in 1990 to 52.4% in 2010 – which represents significant progress toward eradicating extreme poverty. It is evident that the percent of the poorest quintile’s share in national income or consumption has made little progress over the years, as it went from 8.3% in 1990, down to 5.0% in 2000 and then back up to 9.0% in 2010. For the second target, we must look at the percentage of children under 5 that are moderately or severely underweight and the percentage of population that is undernourished. When doing so, it is evident that the percentages of children under 5 that are moderately or severely underweight have greatly decreased from 1990 to 2010, as it went from 51.6% to 30.4%. Although this represents some progress, the percentage of Burundi’s population that is undernourished has not improved. In fact, Burundi’s undernourished population rose dramatically over time as it went from 49.0% in 1990 to 73.1% in 2010. The second development goal of Burundi is to achieve universal primary education. In order to achieve this goal, the country is aiming for all children, boys and girls alike, to complete a full course of primary schooling by 2015. In order to determine if Burundi is on track to meet this goal, it is essential to look at the percentage of literacy rates of 15-24 year olds, net enrollment in primary education (both sexes), and the percentage of pupils starting grade 1 and reaching grade 5 (both sexes). When examining these three measures, the numbers show that there was only slight advancement over the years in the percentage of literacy rates of 15-24 year olds and the percentage of pupils who started 1st grade and reached 5th grade. Although that was the case, there was major advancement for net enrolment in primary education. The percent of literacy rates of 15-24 year olds was 65.3% in 1990, had a slight increase to 73.3% in 2000, and then slightly increased again to 77.6% in 2010. This was similar to trends for the children who started 1st grade and made it to 5th grade, which was 44.3% in 1990, rose to 53.8% in 2000 and then hit 56.10% in 2010. On the other hand, net enrollment in primary education has seen major progress as it jumped from 19.8% in 1990 to 44.9% in 2000 to 94.5% in 2010. The third development goal of Burundi is to promote gender equality and empower women. The target to reach this goal was to eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education, preferably by 2005, and to all levels of education no later than 2015. The percentage of seats held by women in national parliament and the Gender Parity Index for primary and secondary education enrollment levels can both be used to see if Burundi is on track to meet this goal by 2015. When observing the percentage of seats held by women in national parliament over the years, it is evident that major progress has been made. This is evidenced by the fact that it went from 2.2% in 1990 and reached 94.5% in 2010. In addition, the Gender Parity Index in primary level enrollment has made pretty consistent progress over the years, but the major advancement has occurred in secondary level enrollment, as it went from .56 in 1990 to .72 in 2010. The fourth millennium development goal of Burundi is to reduce child mortality where the country set a target to reduce the under-five mortality rate by two thirds from 1990 to 2015. We can study the percentage of 1-year-old children that are immunized against measles and the mortality rate per 1,000 births for children under five years old to determine the progress that has been made to accomplish this goal. When viewing the percentage of 1-year-old children that are immunized against measles, it is apparent that this has been a key focus in Burundi over the years, as it has gone from 74% in 1990 to an astounding 94% in 2010. The mortality rate per 1,000 births for children under five years old has also shown advancement in Burundi. This can be seen by the fact that it fell from 182.6 in 1990, to 164.6 in 2000, and to 141.7 in 2010. A fifth development goal that Burundi hopes to accomplish by 2015 is to improve maternal health. They aim to reach this goal by reducing the maternal mortality rate by three quarters between 1990 and 2015. The percentage of births attended by skilled health personnel and the maternal mortality ratio per 100,000 live births are key indicators to show if Burundi is on the right path to achieve this goal. After examining the percentage of births that were attended by skilled health personnel in Burundi in 2000 compared to that of 2010, it is clear that a great amount of progress had been made. Skilled health personnel participated in only 25.2% of births in 2000 but significantly increased to 60.3% of births in 2010. And lastly, the maternal mortality ratio per 100,000 live births has slowly decreased over the last 20 years, as it went from 1100 to 1000 from 1990 to 2000 and from 1000 down to 800 from 2000 to 2010. After examining the millennium development goals for Burundi, it is evident that there has been a significant amount of progress made in many different areas. This can be seen when examining the percent of total population below national poverty line, percent of children under 5 moderately or severely underweight, percent of population that is undernourished, net enrollment in primary education (both sexes), percent of seats held by women in national parliament, Gender Parity Index in both primary and secondary level enrollment, percent of 1-year-old children that are immunized against measles, and the percent of births attended by skilled health personnel. This progress is essential because it is the only way a less developed country like Burundi has a chance to become a developed country in the future. Despite this progress, it is clear that there are also some targets that have shown minimal or no advancement and this will hinder Burundi from reaching its millennium development goals. These targets include the percent of population below $1 (PPP) consumption per day, percentage of the poorest quintile’s share in national income or consumption, percent of literacy rates of 15-24 year olds, and the percent of pupils (both sexes) starting grade 1 and reaching grade 5. If these specific targets are not achieved, it will be difficult for Burundi to reach all of its millennium development goals by 2015 despite its progress in the other targeted areas.

Yahoo! Internal Analysis

The Company When Yahoo! was founded in 1994 by Stanford Ph. D. students, David Filo and Jerry Yang, it began as their hobby and has evolved into a global brand that has changed the way people communicate with each other, find and access information, and make purchases. Today, Yahoo! Inc. is the Internet's leading global consumer and business Services Company, offering a comprehensive network of essential services for Web users around the globe as well as businesses of all sizes. As the first online navigational guide to the Web, Yahoo! www. yahoo. com) is the leader in traffic, advertising, household and business user reach. Yahoo! is also the most recognized and valuable Internet brand globally, reaching over 345 million unique users in 25 countries and 13 languages. The Only Place Anyone Needs To Go Find Anything, Communicate With Anyone, or Buy Anything Serving the world's largest Web audience, Yahoo! remains focused on becoming increasingly essential to the lives of consumers. St arting with its comprehensive, hand-built directory as well as the popular My Yahoo! ervice, Yahoo! offers a broad and deep array of communications, commerce and content services in over 100 distinct properties that lead consumers to make Yahoo! their home on the Internet and wireless devices. Fitting the lifestyles of the mobile consumer, Yahoo! offers an increasing array of essential, personalized, localized and timely information on wireless devices, including wireless phones, two-way pagers and personal digital assistants. Committed to extending content and services beyond the desktop, Yahoo! as the largest global mobile audience and the greatest breadth of wireless products and services of any Web content provider. Becoming Increasingly Essential to Businesses & Enterprises Worldwide As the No. 1 Internet network on corporate desktops, surpassing a 70 percent reach in the U. S. workplace, Yahoo! also offers a range of services for businesses and enterprises of all sizes. Corpor ate Yahoo! is an information portal solution that enables companies to communicate and interact directly with their employees, customers and shareholders over a secure and scalable platform. Yahoo!Broadcast Services is the leading provider of Internet audio and video streaming solutions for corporate and consumer communications, delivering thousands of live and on-demand, corporate events including: product launches, marketing programs, training/distance learning, keynote addresses, annual shareholder meetings, and quarterly earnings calls. Yahoo! ‘s Small Business services enable small businesses and professionals to establish and grow a business presence with services such as Yahoo! Domains, Yahoo! Website Services, Yahoo! Servers and Yahoo! Store. An industry leader in online advertising, Yahoo! ffers an integrated set of marketing services through Yahoo! Fusion Marketing that unite Yahoo! ‘s media, e-commerce, direct marketing, broadcast, and communication tools to a llow clients to find any audience, connect with anyone, and sell anything. Yahoo! ‘s data driven services provide unparalleled targeting and measurement capabilities far beyond banners, clicks, and conversions. Customized to integrate clients' traditional marketing programs online, Yahoo! Fusion Marketing programs generate greater customer acquisition and retention, extended brand value, and increased sales in today's global marketplace. SWOT AnalysisThe external environment includes all the factors outside the organization which provide opportunities or pose threats to the organization. The internal environment refers to all the factors within an organization which impart strengths or cause weakness of a strategic nature . The environment in which an organization exists can be, therefore defined as the opportunities and threats operating in the external environment apart from the strengths and weakness existing in the internal environment. A systematic approach to understand the environment of Yahoo is the SWOT analysis. Internal Factor Analysis (IFA) of the Yahoo CorporationStrengths The strength is an inherent capacity which an organization uses to gain a strategic and competitive advantage. The strengths of Yahoo Corporation are: * Yahoo! ‘s Overture is a tremendously profitable Internet advertising business. It focuses on affiliate advertising for large advertising accounts, in the same way as Google's Adsense programme. This is an important income stream for Yahoo!. * Yahoo! has over 500 million users of its services and solutions. This makes it a very powerful marketing company, with a very well known brand. Some reports indicate that it is the most popular website in the World. A key long-term strength is Yahoo! ‘s international business presence. As the Internet expands and it is adopted by more nations the opportunities for Internet brands begin to emerge. Yahoo! is well placed to take advantage of these opportunities with its strat egic business units in Asia, Europe and Australia. * The Yahoo! Directory is an original source of structured information. It has built over the last decade, and unlike mainstream search engines, its content is moderated (i. e. sites are vetted before their inclusion). Weaknesses: A weakness is an inherent limitation or constraint which creates strategic disadvantages for the company.It is overdependence on a single product line, which is potentially risky. The weaknesses of Yahoo are: * As per Jan 2012 data, a survey says yahoo’s market share in search engine is only 6% * Google already has more than 50% market share and the immediate competitors are Baidu which has same 6% and bing has 4% in search engine * Google being the leading the service provider on the internet , is grabbing the revenues from advertisements * Most of the services provided by Yahoo are unknown in the internet space. * Yahoo is ranked 5th in visitors among video sites. YouTube was first owned by Google .There has been near about 3 % slump per year in Yahoo’s image search. * Google search results produce double revenues as compared to Yahoo. * Yahoo is losing its market share in mailing services very gradually due to Google’s strong presence in search engine market and it related product portfolio complementing to search engine services * For Yahoo, differentiation is difficult. Almost all of its services are available from other sources such as Mail services, news, shopping, financial data and business directory services are provided by many others like MSN, CNN, e-bay, Money control etc. The future of Yahoo is uncertain as the technology develops and new unforeseen advertising media emerges. * Financial health of the company is not so promising for the investors. The company’s assets both in terms of intangible and tangible are on the declining side. Matching analysis Match the external factors against the internal factors of YAHOO! Opportunities| Threats| * Internet video advertising spending expected to increase by 82% to $610 million by 2009. * Yahoo! Inc has purchased Flickr. * Broadband expansion. * Yahoo! as a strong and talented employee base. * Yahoo! has penetrated markets that are still untouched by competitors. | * Google commands about 50% of all online searches and Yahoo! has only 24% according to Neilson/NetRating. * Consumer attitudes towards online advertising may become more negative. * Increasing strength of competitors. * Social websites such as MySpace and Facebook are now breaking into the online advertising market. * Google is surpassing Yahoo! in revenues. | Strengths| Weaknesses| * Yahoo! Inc. has beaten Google in the mobile market. * Yahoo!Inc. has many more auxiliary products compared to the competition. * Yahoo! Inc. has strong brand recognition. * Partnerships with MLB, VISA and NFL. * Access is available to anyone with internet access. | * Yahoo! is ranked 5th in visitors among video sites. YouTube which is owned by Google is ranked 1st. * Yahoo! image search has been declining 3% per year. * Google search results generate twice as much revenue as Yahoo!. * Advertising revenues are falling due to Google and other competitors in the market. | Alternative strategies or RecommendationsIt is clear that the Yahoo Corporation has faced some major challenges in staying on top of the Internet market. It is suggested that the corporation should continue to grow its customer base. The corporation can grow its customer base by successfully capturing the international market. In addition, Yahoo can enlarge its target customer statistics by including customers outside the age group of 18-34 like people of above 55 years. Yahoo has to distinguish itself from the rest of its competitors in the Internet market in order to successfully accomplish these objectives.The alternative strategy that the Yahoo Corporation can adopt is: Capturing the international market: In capturing the international market, Yahoo has been comparatively unsuccessful. Though, Yahoo provides its services in a variety of languages but it has been unable to contend with national companies of other countries. For example, in China, Yahoo holds less than 5% of the total Chinese market share. The majority of the China market is dominated by Chinese search engine known as Baidu. com. In August 2005, Google, the American rival has captured a significant portion i. . approximately 33% of the Chinese market. Moreover, near about 71. 3% of the overall international market has been captured by Google. Some of this percentage was grabbed from Yahoo. Yahoo must ensure that internet access is available to its target market in order to strategically grow its customer base. If the target market does not have the means or ability to access services, Yahoo will not be successful. It is important for Yahoo Corporation to capture international customers during the exposure to the Internet. This can create a comfort-zone for its new users.Yahoo also, should become familiar with the likes, dislikes, habits and other characteristics of each niche of the international market. The company should use appropriate marketing channels to create the demand in international market. The marketing techniques like sales promotion, advertising, publicity, etc. will work more effectively to capture international market. Expanding the target market: To become successful, it is important for the Yahoo Corporation to expand its target market. It is important that Yahoo tries to capture those who are its first-time Internet users.Through partnerships with telecommunications providers and cable companies, Yahoo should work to become a primary part of a new Internet service package. Yahoo can successfully get new web users to begin their Internet use. The users use the internet because it allows them to communicate with their friends and family members who are separated geographically. Furthermore, people like the Internet b ecause it allows them to find information and items that they can’t find elsewhere. With this demographic, travel, leisure and financial information tend to be popular.Yahoo should promote its different offerings in publications and media to achieve the best reach and to focus on the particular areas. Yahoo should publicize itself as a source of health information as well as a site that provides travel information for those who plan for retirement. Yahoo should portray itself as a portal of information. Differentiation: To remain competitive, Yahoo should adopt and initiate new projects. The company should begin as a search engine and expand its offerings by including finance, personals and hot Jobs and other activities.For example, Yahoo has realized that the potential users of Yahoo music consequently acquire a significant share of the online music industry. The ability to differentiate itself from its competitors is the main reason for the success of Yahoo. To promote new products, Yahoo is able to take advantage of its brand equity and its large user base. Yahoo should not limit itself to fixed media sites. Yahoo should attempt to commence a multimedia Internet project called runner. This video-intensive and web-based reality TV project will focus on a fugitive crisscrossing the country.Yahoo Corporation should also expand its Internet-based market to compete against traditional media. Conclusion Thus, it is concluded that in the dynamic Internet market, Yahoo is a strong and relatively established company. Its core competence includes focus on young adult users, regularly improving fixed web sites, driving advertising revenue and encouraging employees to be practical. All this points have been a formula for its success. Yahoo must apply aggressive strategies and maintain healthy financial statement to remain competitive.It is important that Yahoo carefully review all these strategies and examine the timing of its initiatives. The company can achiev e its target and growth by hiring competent managers and experienced consultants as well as by remaining focused on its core competencies. By maintaining the strategies, Yahoo will be able to position itself to become a leader in the race for multimedia domination. An understanding of the external environment in terms of opportunities and threats and the internal environment in term of strengths and weaknesses is important for the existence, growth and profitability of Yahoo Corporation.

Partnership Working in the British Nhs Essay Example

Partnership Working in the British Nhs Essay Example Partnership Working in the British Nhs Essay Partnership Working in the British Nhs Essay A review by Dr. Ignatius Gwanmesia on how inter-professional partnership working impacts on service delivery (NHS) (2007) Introduction In a utopian scenario, inter-professionalism should reciprocate efficiency in service delivery for service users. However in practice, inherent constraints left unresolved can construe to hinder rather enhance the safeguarding of clients welfare. Service users are experts on their own needs, Smale et al (1993), and they expect and judge the quality of health and social care services they receive in terms of whether they â€Å"help them achieve the outcome they aspire to, and whether these services are delivered in ways which empower rather than disempower them. † Davies et al (2005, 195). Realising these expectations is a factor not only of the user-staff ideologies and value bases but of the model (medical or social) and theories developed by service users Oliver, (1996, p. 31-33). While service users expect staff in joined up working to assist them to address both their medical and social needs, due to multifaceted constraints, partnership working is not readily able to deliver since it can be â€Å"tense and conflictual; a place of strife where members compete for territory and vie for recognition. Davies et al (2005, p. 158). Experience show that holistically the result can be compromised service delivery. To critically evaluate how inter-professional partnership impacts on service delivery, this discourse will start with an attempt to resolve the polarisation in its conceptualisation. The background will trace the evolution of the ideology from a theoretical, policy and practice perspective. The body of the discourse will first analyse those factors that impact on effective partnership; power relationship, empowerment, communication, power relationship and value differentials. Next, will be a critical examination on how the social, legal and political structures in Britain have been instrumental in realising the vision of the ‘Third way’. Next, different codes of practices will be examined to ascertain their effectiveness as instruments for ensuring practice standards. Then using ‘process’ and ‘outcome’ as evaluation criteria, Dowling, (2004, p. 309), the advantages and disadvantages of partnership will be compared. The conclusion will be an objective synthesis of those relevant dialogues developed within the discourse. Finally, the bibliography will alphabetically credit all the references employed within the essay. Definition Inter-professional partnership as developed in New Labour’s quasi-market partnership ideology is devoid of singularity in its conceptualisation. The concept is so highly polarised, Hutchison and Campbell, (1998); Ling, (2000) that different writers use or interchange different terminologies to infer similar ideology; multi-organisational partnership, (Lownders and Skelcher, (1998); collaborative governance, Huxham, (2000); inter-agency collaboration, Hudson et al, (1999); networks, (Kirkpatrick) and inter-organisational relationship and networks, Hage and Alter, (1997). With such visible variance, it is not surprising that Glendinning et al, (2002, p. 3) describes partnership in government circulars and policy pronouncements as, â€Å"largely a rhetorical invocation of a vague ideal. † In consonance, Balloch and Taylor, (2001. p. 6) state that partnership† lays claim to no single definition or model. † Despite this lack of singularity or consensus in its conceptualisation, Tennyson (1998) provides what I consider the most stipulative and appropriate definition for this discourse; a cross-sector alliance in which individuals, groups or organisations agree to work together to fulfil an obligation or undertake a specific task; share the risk as well as the benefits; and review the relationship regularly, revising their agreement as necessary† Tennyson, R. (1998, p. 7) However, from a more political perspective and seeking to clarify and be specific about its objective, the Audit Commission defines partnership as; A joint workin g arrangement where partners are otherwise independent bodies cooperating to achieve a common goal; this may involve the creation of new organisational structures or processes to plan and implement a joint programme as well as sharing relevant information, risks and rewards. † While White and Grove, (2000) perceive, â€Å"respect, reciprocity, realism and risk-taking† as partnership’s four most vital elements†, the Department of Health’s documents focuses on the notion of â€Å"inter-agency working, coordination and a seamless service† DOH, (1998a, 1998b, 1999b, 2000) Background As hitherto developed in the government’s White Paper: Modern Local Government: In touch with the people; local councils and their professionals constituted the primary deciders of the nature and degree of services provided to services user; with the interest of the former being paramount,. DETR (1998, para 1. 10 and 1. 11). During the Conservatives years, fragmentation of service delivery among a variety of agencies resulted in, â€Å"poor performance of many local authority services; and lack of citizen engagement. † Geddes, (1998, p. 8); Martin et al, (1999); Audit Commission, (1998). As a remedial measure, the ideology of partnership in social work and social policy was initiated by New Labour as part of its, â€Å"democratic renewal and modernising agenda to champion new and different forms of decision-masking in public services with a shift from democratic towards partnership and participatory decision making†. Glendinning, (2002, p. 97). In the words of the Labour Prime Minister; â€Å"It is in partnership with others that local governments future lies† Blair, (1998, p. 13). Labour’s objective was essentially to â€Å"build councils which are in touch with their local people and get the best from them. DETR, (1998, p. 6) as agents of the local authority through the social services and related services, social workers inadvertently became proactive professionals in propagating the doctrine and practice of partnership. Labour’s rational in the partnership ideology in welfare delivery was initially conceived and sustained on the argument that rather than decentralisation Increasingly accountability would give the citizen a feeling of Their vision was a service that provided a seamless care, reduce waste and control spiralling cost, increased user’s choice and made services responsive. Although services responded and users choice extended; this state-driven and market-led approach was plagued with; service fragmentation, separate health and governmental budgets, problematic access to information; limited skilled workers; competition rather than collaboration was the norm. Geddes, (1998, p. 18); Martin et al, (1999). Based on the theory that what works is what counts, on gaining power in 1997, New Labour adopted partnership working; kept what worked-â€Å"contracts and primary care shift development and made partnership working central to its ‘Third Way’, Hudson, (1999) The vision was of person-centred; user’s-led; user-controlled service, with competition but collaboration; with a one-stop point for information in multi-format; teams being multi-disciplinary; and workers being multi-skilled. The drive towards strongly mandated official policy requiring interprofessional cooperation especially in child protection â€Å"has developed, partly in response to professional precept and partly in response to a series of Inquiry Criticism of poorly coordinated work in this field† Birchall and Hallett,(1995, p. 241) The Laming report (2003, para 17. 112) into the circumstances surrounding the `death of Victoria Climbie, was significantly responsible for the Children Act 2004 requiring working across traditional service boundaries mandatory in health and social care welfare service delivery. Quinney, (2006, p. ). Similarly, the outcome of the Black report in 1980 and the Acheson report in 1998 into inequality in health were reasons for Labour to intensify the campaign against value difference that resulted in social exclusion. Labour’s answers was summed up in the catch phrase â€Å"joined up problems require joined up solution. † Sullivan and Skelcher (2002) D eterminants of Effective Inter-Professional Partnership. Partnership working can be theorised on power-relationship in which a competent communicator with vision; the ability to empower and team-build, coherently directs members to achieve a common objective. Appropriately and democratically applied, power will empower and protect the vulnerable, enabling the perspectives of even the less capable, less articulate to be accommodated and acted upon. However autocratic or despotic power can lead to oppression and discrimination as typical in professionalism and credentialism where professionals like doctors may adopt a dogmatic rather than pragmatic approach in partnership working. The implication is that in welfare delivery staff need to be reflective so as not to revictimise clients through power misuse or abuse. Empowerment The Issue of Choice. Empowerment was indispensable â€Å"since the government’s commitment to a market system requires potential consumers to have enough information to make informed decisions about their requirements†, Payne, (1995, p. 175). Markets only succeed in advancing competition if there are alternatives to choose from, and choice is only possible if the service user knows about possible alternatives. The government’s Direct Payment to enable users to pay for their own service provision appropriately serves this purpose. However there is reservation as to the comprehensiveness of this measure since the payment is mean-tested. In partnership working the empowerment of clients either directly or indirectly through advocacy to actively participate in their own welfare delivery has primarily been fostered by sociological approaches such as the system or role theories. According to Payne, (1995, p. 178) such theories emphasise the importance of the social origin of many of the problems clients faced, they are not so incline to emphasise clients personal incapabilities, and therefore lead to an assumption of greater equality between the welfare client and staff. An identified constraint in empowering clients especially by social workers is that â€Å"social workers often in reality deal with people’s increasing dependence and this seems inconsistent with empowerment† Stevenson and Parsloe, (1993, p. 22) Where inequality between the welfare client and staff exist on the ground of value or power differentials, there is supposition that service delivery to the former maybe compromised. As will be seen later, empowerment is inextricably linked to effective leadership. Value differentials. The reality about value differences in partnership working is that it is reflective of a British society characterised by an enormous range of ethnic and cultural differences. Consequently, it becomes imperative to accommodate value differences as an asset within the context of valuing diversity rather than perceive it primarily as a liability. Within this context, where a traditional equal opportunities approach in partnership may focus narrowly on those form of discrimination which are illegal, Harrison et al, (2006, p. ) argues that by contrast in welfare delivery partnership, â€Å"a diversity approach regards any form of discrimination whether illegal or not as a barrier to human potential and therefore a problem (oppression) to be addressed. Within setups where social workers have to liaise or collaborate with professionals like medics, issues of image become very apparent. In consonance, Lymbery, (1998) has identified a number of inter-organisational and inter-professional pr oblems with social workers attached to a GP practice based on varying systems of accountability and remuneration. There is social consensus that doctors perceive themselves as occupying a higher professional hierarchy compared to social workers. Analysts are unanimous that contrary to the founding ideology of partnership, this hierarchical relationship â€Å"may be antithetical to the very concept of a team† While not limited to GPs, there is plausible rationale to argue that in partnerships, â€Å"professionals who historically worked in a highly individualised and non-collaborative culture (North et al, (1999); Callaghan et al,(2000) may find effective accommodation of the ideology of partnership problematic. Additionally, in partnership, participants are like ambassadors of their respective agencies, each with different operational; policies which do not allow for comprehensive partnership in practice. Hodgson, (1997); West and Poulton, (1997). At a more inter-professional level, observation by Dalley, (1989) that historical mistrust which constituted a barrier to effectiveness, is a typology of the relationship between social care workers and relevant health sectors. While professional codes of practice and boundaries may be contributory factors, Glendinnning et al, (2002, p. 69) suggest that in a social worker-National Health Service partnership, professionals of the former are perceived by those of the latter as, â€Å"being too slow in responding, unnecessary bureaucratic and overtly concerned with ‘irrelevant’ issues† this was a major point of debate in almost all my group exercises on partnership. The consensual perception is that while professionals like doctors are too narrowly bound by the medical model; facing events or incidences requiring an immediate and short-lived intervention, social workers are like community-liaison mangers constituting part of a homogeneous team involved in a continuous live-enhancing process. In the latter, enhancing independence, anti-discriminatory practice and combating social exclusion are of the essence. In fact is plausible to suggest that to a certain extent, social workers are those left to pick up the pieces after the doctors have left. From the preceding analysis it is apparent that social workers in partnership are more theoretically informed since they need to retrospect, self-evaluate in view to projecting (providing an informed service to improve the future). At client and leadership levels, critical accommodation and respect of value difference will safeguard against either intentional or inadvertent oppression or discrimination; resulting in effective teamship and improved outcomes. Leadership. Rather than elites or autocrats, â€Å"partnership leaders are people who have a vision, they make things happen, at the same time they strengthen and support their followers, inspiring them to trust the leader† Cook, (1996. P12) Effective leaders have mastered the rudiments of reflective power management to communicate empowerment rather than disempowerment and oppression. While some people are said to be born leaders, Dolan and Holt, (2005, p. 97) argue for the need for formal training in leadership skills in the health and social care environment where priorities and pace can change dramatically over a short period with a potential for chaos. This will provide the leader with; Vision- the ability to see a way forward to the desired outcome which may be as simple a prioritising and organising social work intervention so that all demands are met. While welfare delivery may entail complex, multi-faceted and problematic logistics, a good leader is able â€Å"to fin d creative ways of achieving expected targets while keeping the activity acceptable to staff delivering care† DOH, (1991). Vision in partnership leadership means taking external directives since the leader has to work with others beyond their usual work environment. Empowerment- In a heterogeneous partnership where partners have and defend maybe conflicting values, the leader’s ability to work on an individual basis in disseminating knowledge and information will unite and empower the team, resulting in commitment. While empowerment in partnership maybe perceived as lack of managerial control, Dolan and Holt (2005, p. 98) argue that the leader must set and communicate boundaries on what is acceptable standard and behaviour. While this control measure may seem to conflict with the very principle of empowerment, Senoir, (1999, p16) points out that this ensures for stability, respect and security within the decision-making framework. Personally I think unregulated empowerment can be counter productive since not every view is constructive. Team-building. The ability to build and sustain teamship with partnership working is fundamental to being an effective leader since leadership must draw people together, create common goals and encourage a sense of collaboration In giving directions and support to team members, Dean (1995) caution that leaders should recognise their own limitations. In partnership leadership where vision, empowerment and team-build are matched with an equal ability for effective communication, welfare delivery will reciprocate these competences. Effective Communication. Effective communications in partnership constitute the primary medium by which health and social care negotiations take place. This is more so in interaction with vulnerable and maybe disempowered clients who may not be articulate or assertive enough to exercise their right to proactively participate in decisions affecting their lives. Similarly, competence in communication is required under the current market-based care provision system where care mangers have to work with a myriad of agencies in negotiating care provisions. Within leadership, it can be argued that where communication is good and ideas are welcomed, teamship is enhanced. However, at a client level where effective assessment is a function of reciprocal communication competence, Davies et al (2005, p. 191) argue that clients are disempowered since it is not easy to participate on a basis of equality with powerful professionals, when people have spent a considerable period without control over decisions which affect their lives and unable to exercise much autonomy. Similarly, Giddens (2000, p. 286) points out that the sense of identity and values shared by professionals in hospitals, GP surgeries disempower vulnerable clients who become forced to accept compromised services. Holistically, this suggests that client’s welfare in social care deliver partnership is more of a commodity than a right. Issues in Partnership Working. Partnership working and Empowerment in practice As a self-professed enabler, Blair, (1998, p. 3), Tony Blair embarked on his partnership policy by setting up the Social Exclusion Unit (SEU) to help â€Å"improve Government’s action to reduce social exclusion by producing joined up solutions to joined up problem† SEU, (March, 2000) In line with his â€Å"democratic renewal and modernising agenda to champion new and different forms of decision-making in public services with a shift from democratic towards partnership and participatory decision making†. Glendinning, (2002, p. 7), Blair made empowerm ent the focus of his partnership policy. Some important principles of this agenda included; the importance of partnership and participation; the closer relationship between health and social care; and the mixed economy of care reflecting choice and market forces. The National Service Framework (NSF), Single Assessment Programme (SAP), Assessment Framework for Children ad Families were initiated to enable and facilitate the realisation of the partnership objectives. Similarly, professional codes of practice were set out to regulate welfare practice; (UKCC. NMC, GSCC, and BASW) were set out to inform, guide, regulate, discipline, protect and negotiate. Brechin et al (2000). The concern with a surplus of legal instruments and professional codes is that one gets lost in the resulting maze. Moreover they are specific rather than universally applicable. Responding to clients needs meant he establishment of Primary Care Trust (PCT) which made services available at the point of needs to clients. Similarly the creation of Health Action Zones created new ways of working in and with communities and across professional boundaries to address inequalities in health. Quinney, (2006, p. 78). The conflict with these initiatives is that agendum for accessing services is set by staff, creating instant inequality. Even where legal mandate like the Direct Payment Acts is supposed to give clients the control over the type and degree of service received, the decision-making process is vertical with client being given what the staff deem appropriate rather than horizontal where provisions are need-led. Labour’s quest to improve quality standards in partnership working is exemplified by the multi-faceted joined up working between the Department of Health with; â€Å"the Strategic Health Authority, the Commission for Social care Inspection (CSCI); NHS Modernisation Agency and the Social Care Institute for Excellence to identify and spread best practice. Quinney, (2006, p. 61). Similarly, the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE); Social Care Institute for Excellence (SCIE); Commission for Health Care Audit and Inspection and General Social Care Council, Quinney, (2006, p. 2) provide national guidance on the promotion of good health and the prevention and treatment of ill health. Specific to social work and nursing respectively the GSCC and NMC ensure that welfare deliveries by their staff are consistent; legally and ethically complaint. The main criticism of these initiatives is that practice may become too restrictive and dogmatic at the expense of ref lexive practice. Values and ethics in partnership working. Codes of Practice) Generally, legal instruments like the NHS Community Care Act 1990 and Children Acts provide directives to welfare staff. However, within social work and the nursing professions where the vulnerability of clients and the potential for power abuse is acute, the General Social Care Council (GSCC) (2002); and the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC)(2004) set out professional standard and informs the public, other professions and employers of the standard of professional conduct that they can expect of staff. In keeping with the partnership working ideologies, empowerment is central in these codes, emphasising respect of uniqueness or diversity, the confidentiality of patients data except shared solely on a need-to know basis, Baker, (19954, p. 74); anti-discrimination, anti-oppression, mutual respect and right to informed choice; partnership collaboration, openness and transparency; fairness and equity in practice. The problem with codes of practices is that different agencies have different codes, with the potential for conflict in logistics in care-planning and service delivery. For example in situation of domestic violence involving children, the police may view it as a criminal issues as opposed to the social worker who will rather approach it as a social problem requiring social support. Also, conversely to clients, staffs are much well-briefed about the details of the processes of welfare delivery. Evaluating partnership working. (Advantages and disadvantages) The problem with evaluating partnership issues is that the concept is a social construct; Balloch and Taylor, (2001. p. 6) and lacks a bench mark for its own evaluation. While opinions about the usefulness of partnership is highly polarised, when evaluating outcome, process-wise, Labour’s diligence in organising partnership training, initiating relevant legal instruments and structures including the increasing moves to empower clients are reasons-enough for qualified compliments. Holistically, effective partnership as in the commissioning of services in a complex and multiple-needs situation is ideal in focusing the energies and resources of different agencies on a common problem. Well-managed, Harrison et al (2003, p. ) points out that this would enable a coherent and holistic approach to complex, cross-agency problems. Within a social climate of diminishing finance and resources, partnership as in the Single Regeneration Budget (SRB) may provide access to financial support. Similarly sharing of scarce resources can be easily negotiated. The one-stop pooled-budgets system has not only reduced bureaucracy but has extended the Care Management p rinciples across a wider field to enable the purchase of a wider range of care packages. â€Å"People said they wanted to take more control of their own health and well-being† DOH (2006, p. 3). In community care services, the supposed empowering answer was Direct Payment; â€Å"a way of people who need support to have more control over the services they receive† DOH, (2006, p. 16). The vertical rather than horizontal decision-making process involve in this arrangement is dogmatic not pragmatic as befits democratic decision-making in democratic partnership. Moreover how does one actually define needs? PCT have brought services closer to the point of needs, although agendum on surgery timetable and means of service delivery maybe beyond client’s control. Similarly, the risk of taking responsibility is shared. However, while service users may be empowered, comprehensive participation is problematic since most clients may not be competent-enough to benefit from empowerment. Despite the advantages of partnership working, criticisms of its outcome are increasing. In a staff-user partnership working, professionals like doctors who historically worked in a highly individualised and non-collaborative culture (North et al, (1999) may find comprehensive accommodation of the ideology of partnership problematic. Whether using the ‘process’ of partnership or its ‘outcome’ to evaluate its effectiveness, opinions about user’s satisfaction is highly polarised. At the root of this is the fact that in a multi-ethnic and complex British society, welfare clients and staff hold, respect and defend different conflicting values that constraint comprehensive partnership collaboration. Moreover, there are doubts as to whether clients are comprehensively aware of their role or entitlement in the partnership framework. Similarly, while the superfluity of legal instruments, practice codes and local community partnership strategies could be excused for the government’s enthusiasm to justify its mandatory partnership working for agencies in welfare delivery, the Audit Commission (1999) report expressed concern in the enormous growth of partnership work. It reported that; â€Å"In some areas so many of these structures have been set up that the water are again muddled, and it becomes unclear how overlapping partnership and strategies actuality fit. Audit Commission, (1999, p. 57) Within the quasi-market social care partnership, where professionals like doctors have become share-holders, the need to minimise cost means that services users are either intentionally or inadvertently not informed about the availability of relevant services. In 1999, â€Å"doctors admitted that cancer patients are not told of all the treatment available because there is not enough money to pay for the drugs required † Kirby et al. , (2000, p. 62) Similarly, the tendency to fast-tract the discharge of patients from hospitals to free up beds may be informed by capitalist ideologies whereby, the Care-Management system is helps in managing the crisis of capitalism through targeting, and rationing in healthcare. Moreover any welfare arrangement system based on a market ideology may not necessarily create a user-led partnership working Critical appraisal of factors affecting partnership working. As hitherto established, defining partnership with specificity is inherently problematic. Balloch and Taylor, (2001. p. 6). The analogous fact that due to a myriad of constraints, â€Å"making partnership work effectively is one of the toughest challenges facing public sector managers† Audit Commission, (1998, p. 5); BCC, (2001a, p. 13); Labour party, (2000, p. 14), compels me to question whether the pursuance of partnership is a case of the ‘indefinable’ pursuing the ‘unachievable’? Glendinning et al (2002, p. 2), whether in social work or policy practice. Because partnerships involved distinct statutory services, each constrained by their respective policies; codes of practice and financial limitations, effective integration in partnership is prevalently relative rather than comprehensive. In fact it would not be farfetched to infer that the seeds of its ineffectiveness are embedded in its very concept. Furthermore, where effective collaboration is of the essence, there is bound to be contestation and conflict resulting from the social constructiveness of the concept of teamwork in partnership; whether integrative; directive or elective. Freeman et al. , (2000). Irrespective of the lack of consensus and ambiguities, Glendinning, (2002, p. 100), associated with discourses and practice in partnership, the imperative for councils to re-engage with the communities they serve and the equal obligation to embrace the community governance agenda is ensured by a Prime Ministerial Ultimatum. Blair, (1998, p. 22) According to Glendinning, (2002, p. 100) â€Å"local government must modernised or perish. In New Labours â€Å"intermediate or network form of organisation†, Clarence and Painter, (1998); Exworthy et al, (1999) Powell, (1999a); Rhodes, (2000) the quasi-market-led ideology predispose its practice to conflict of interest as the quest to maximise profit does not necessarily create a service with service-users needs as the paramount determinant of practice. In the government’s Care management system where social workers serve as managers in negotiating care services, bureaucracy and budget management rather than clients interest was the primary beneficiary. Moreover where partnership is perceived as empowering service users and their backing agencies, sociologist argues that the prevalently bottom-up approach â€Å"cannot simply be imposed on, or parachuted into areas. † Powell and Exworthy, (2001). While the euphoria for conformity and embodiment may inadvertently compel agencies to apply the ideology irrespective, there is plausible reason to be concerned about the rights and autonomy of the voluntary and community organisations. At a micro level, and as evident in the Victoria Climbe child abuse saga, where professional discrimination diminish collaborative partnership between the medics and social workers, there is need to statutorily qualify the status of the latter if they are not to become invisible. In fact, with partnership being such a fluid ideology coupled with â€Å"the potential for ambiguity and misunderstanding, Harrison, R. et al. , (2003 p. 5) agencies’ interpretation and implementation of related objectives are unavoidably inconsistent and contextual. In practices, producing positive result in partnership is not the outcome of diligent professionalism or cones. Conclusion While there is consensus about the social constructiveness of the ideology of inter-professional partnership in the NHS, this discourse has established that effective partnership working is a synthesis of effective power management, democratic leadership; communication, empowerment and the valuing of value differences to achieve a common objective. Although Labour’s partnership processes are well-structured and managed, outcome are highly polarised. Similarly, while the benefits of New Labours’ ideology of partnership may be highly disputed, research evidence show that, â€Å"even if adherence to such principles does not itself guarantee effective, efficient and appropriate intervention in service delivery, ignoring them is likely to diminish the sharing of professional information and expertise, a wider scope for accessing resources and financial support, the sharing of risk and providing service users with a wider choice. Additionally, where efforts to demystify the ideology of partnership is not founded on theories established through systematic approaches and methodologies, intervention outcomes are bound to experience reciprocal consequences. Therefore for partnership to accomplish it founding objectives, achieving a stipulative definition should be accompanied in practice by the development of â€Å"mutual trust and respect based on a clear understanding of the different skills that different professionals have to offer. † Gledinning, (2002, p. 8) More so, while different legal instruments, codes of practices and ethics may seek to enforce partnership ideologies, it is acknowledging the reality that the heterogeneity of partners (values) in partnership renders comprehensive partnership, one of the toughest challenges facing public sector managers† Audit Commission, (1998, p. 5); BCC, (2001a, p. 13); Labour party, (2000, p. 14). In inter-professional partnership, a reflexive approach i n practice will go a long way to resolving and safeguarding against oppressive relationships. At a positive level, preceding analysis is indicative that effective partnership has resulted in â€Å"information sharing and reduced bureaucracy; improved inter-professional relationship. Pithouse and Butler, (1994); Stannard, (1996); Ross and Tissier, (1997); Tucker and Brown,, (1997). At a personal level, it constitutes an appropriate and effective venue through which the continuous process of upgrading the social work competence of working in an organisation is sustained. Bibliography. Audit Commission (1998) A fruitful partnership: Effectively partnership working. London: Audit Commission. Balloch, S. and Taylor, M. (eds) (2001a) Partnership working: Policy and Practice. Bristol: The Policy Press. 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Journal of Inter-professional Care, vol. 11, no2, p. 205-216 White, K. and Grove, M. (2000) Towards and understanding of Partnership, NCVCCO Outlook. Issue 7. Appendix One. Concept of Teamwork in Partnership. A directive philosophy is based on an assumption of hierarchy, where one professional occupies a position of leadership and is responsible for directing the other team members. An integrative philosophy places much greater importance on collaborative activities and on team membership, with the contribution of each professionals being equally valued. An elective philosophy is adopted by professionals who prefer to work autonomously and only involve other professionals if need be. This is more of a system of liaison